Thinking with machines: AI, ethics, and the future of humanities - The News Minute

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What would it take for a machine to write like a poet? In 2022, Ermira Mira Murati, then chief technology officer at OpenAI, took up the question in an essay for Ddalus, the journal of the American Academy of Arts and Sciences. Titl…

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Q1: What role did Ermira Mira Murati play at OpenAI, and what is her current venture?

A1: Ermira Mira Murati served as the Chief Technology Officer at OpenAI, a leading AI organization known for its generative AI models like GPT and DALL-E. As of February 2025, she launched an AI startup called Thinking Machines Lab, focusing on innovative AI technologies.

Q2: How has OpenAI contributed to the AI landscape, and what are its notable products?

A2: OpenAI, headquartered in San Francisco, has made significant contributions to AI through products like the GPT series, DALL-E models, and ChatGPT. It aims to develop 'safe and beneficial' artificial general intelligence (AGI). OpenAI's corporate structure includes multiple for-profit subsidiaries and has received substantial investment from Microsoft, which also provides computing resources.

Q3: What does recent research suggest about the development phases of AI ethics?

A3: Recent research by Gao et al. (2024) highlights three phases in AI ethics development: an incubation phase, a phase focusing on making AI human-like, and a phase aiming for human-centric AI. The next anticipated phase is 'machine-like human,' as AI approaches or surpasses human intellectual capabilities.

Q4: What is the E-LENS platform, and how does it contribute to AI ethics assurance?

A4: The E-LENS platform, proposed by Zhou and Chen (2025), is designed to assure AI ethics through user requirements-oriented ethics assurance cases. It integrates user requirements, evidence, and validation, drawing parallels with safety assurance in critical systems like aviation. E-LENS aims to implement this approach in AI-driven systems to ensure ethical compliance.

Q5: What challenges exist in formalizing ethics in AI, and what approaches are being considered?

A5: David Doat's study (2024) highlights the difficulty in formalizing AI ethics due to its complex nature. He suggests that human ethics based on pragmatic and contextual practices is necessary, as current formalized approaches may not suffice in addressing AI's ethical challenges.

Q6: What are the implications of AI surpassing human intellectual capabilities in terms of ethics?

A6: As AI approaches and potentially surpasses human intellectual capabilities, ethical considerations become crucial. The shift towards 'machine-like human' AI requires rethinking ethical frameworks to address new challenges, emphasizing the need for robust ethical guidelines that can adapt to evolving AI capabilities.

Q7: How does OpenAI's corporate structure and partnerships influence its AI development and ethical responsibilities?

A7: OpenAI's complex corporate structure, with significant investment from Microsoft, influences its AI development and ethical responsibilities. The partnership provides financial and computational resources, enabling OpenAI to advance AI technologies. However, it also necessitates rigorous ethical oversight to ensure AI applications align with societal values and safety standards.

References:

A Bibliometric View of AI Ethics Development
E-LENS: User Requirements-Oriented AI Ethics Assurance
Quelle éthique pour quelle IA?