The science revealing how the right diet can add a decade to your life – New Scientist

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Summary

Evidence shows that eating a longevity diet can dramatically lengthen your lifespan and the sooner you start, the more of a difference it makes

Sam Peet

One of the standard questions put to centenarians is: Whats your secret? The answers often revolve around food. For Maria Branyas Morera, wh…

Source: New Scientist

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Q1: What is the Longevity Diet and how does it propose to extend lifespan?

A1: The Longevity Diet, popularized by Valter Longo, is a dietary plan that emphasizes fasting and a plant-based diet supplemented with fish. It is designed to mimic the effects of fasting, promoting cellular repair and longevity. The diet is based on research suggesting that calorie restriction and optimal nutrition can slow aging and extend lifespan.

Q2: How does the Okinawa diet relate to longevity, and what are its core components?

A2: The Okinawa diet is a traditional dietary practice of the indigenous people of the Ryukyu Islands, Japan, known for their long lifespans. It includes high consumption of vegetables, tofu, seaweed, and fish, with low intake of meat and dairy. This diet is rich in nutrients and low in calories, contributing to the longevity observed in this population.

Q3: What are the potential effects of paternal iron deficiency and rapamycin on lifespan and health, according to recent studies?

A3: A study on Drosophila melanogaster suggests that paternal iron deficiency (ID) can have intergenerational health effects, including reduced lifespan and altered antioxidant status. Rapamycin, known for enhancing autophagy and promoting longevity, showed mixed results; it worsened survival in male flies but improved oxidative stress markers. The findings indicate that diet and supplementation can significantly impact health and longevity across generations.

Q4: What insights does the study on Digital Beings provide regarding diet and longevity?

A4: The study on Digital Beings introduces a computational model to simulate host-bacteria interactions and their influence on diet and longevity. It suggests that controlled diets can positively affect longevity, supporting the hypothesis that gut flora plays a critical role in dietary outcomes. This model offers a valuable tool for devising experiments and reducing the need for in vivo tests.

Q5: How does the CRON-diet contribute to longevity, and what are its main principles?

A5: The CRON-diet, or Calorie Restriction with Optimal Nutrition, focuses on reducing calorie intake while ensuring adequate nutrient consumption. It aims to improve health and retard aging by offering nutrient-rich meals that meet daily nutritional requirements. The diet has gained attention for its potential to extend lifespan by mimicking the benefits of fasting and calorie restriction.

Q6: What are the implications of the study on cognitive impairment predictors among elderly Chinese for longevity diets?

A6: The study identifies demographics, cognitive tests, and daily living activities as key predictors of cognitive impairment among elderly Chinese, suggesting that diet and exercise are critical components of maintaining cognitive health. These findings underscore the importance of a balanced diet in preventing cognitive decline, which is associated with longer, healthier lives.

Q7: What role does affordability play in the implementation of healthy longevity diets worldwide?

A7: Research highlights that the cost and affordability of nutritious diets are crucial for global food security and nutrition improvement. Least-cost healthy diets serve as indicators for food access, helping to identify challenges related to high prices and low incomes. Ensuring affordability can facilitate the adoption of longevity diets, promoting healthier aging on a larger scale.

References:

  • The Longevity Diet - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/The_Longevity_Diet
  • Okinawa diet - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Okinawa_diet
  • Paternal iron deficiency and rapamycin supplementation influence antioxidants status, autophagy and lifespan in Drosophila melanogaster - https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0000000000000000
  • Digital Beings as an option to study gut flora evolution and adaptation - https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.00000
  • CRON-diet - https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/CRON-diet
  • Identifying the most predictive risk factors for future cognitive impairment among elderly Chinese - https://arxiv.org/abs/2305.00000
  • Tracking the affordability of least-cost healthy diets helps guide intervention for food security and improved nutrition - https://arxiv.org/abs/2506.00000